Other variations on the passing rules include: On the fourth deal no cards are passed the cycle of four deals is then repeated. There are many variations on passing the most common (popularized by computer versions) rotates passing through four deals on the first deal, players pass to the left, the second deal to the right, the third across the table. The main objectives of passing are to try to become "short" or "void" in a suit, and thus able to play off-suit when that suit is led or to rid one's hand of "dangerous" cards that will likely force that player to take a trick containing penalty points, such as the Ace, King, or Queen of any suit (especially Spades and Hearts). Before each hand begins, each player chooses three cards, and passes them to another player. The basic game of Hearts does not include card passing, but the most common variants do. When there are more than six players, two decks may be used, with cards removed or jokers added to ensure an even deal.When there are six players, two jokers are inserted and each player receives eight cards.In another alternative, two randomly chosen cards are set aside face down at the beginning of play these cards go to whoever takes the first heart. Alternatively, three Jokers (usually the two from one deck plus one from a similar deck) can be added, and each player receives 11. When there are five players, the 2 ♣ is removed as well as the 2 ♦, and each player receives 10 cards.In another alternative, a randomly chosen card is set aside face down at the beginning of play (the "Kitty") this card goes to whoever takes the first Heart or, alternatively, the first trick. When there are only three players, the 2 ♦ is removed from the deck before play commences, and each player receives 17 cards.The overall objective is to be the player with the fewest points by the end of the game. It also became known through the Microsoft version of the game packaged with most 1990s workstation versions of its Windows operating system, beginning in version 3.1. The game has become popular in live play among grade school students in Canada, and has increased in popularity through Internet gaming sites. Passing cards, breaking Hearts, leading the Two of Clubs, and "Shooting the Foot," whereby a player attempts to Shoot the Moon, but succeeds in taking the Queen and all but one heart, are more recent additions. In the 1920s, the Jack of Diamonds variation (ten positive points) was introduced, and some time later the scoring was reversed so that penalty points were expressed as positive instead of negative. The Queen of Spades (sometimes referred to as "Calamity Jane") was introduced in a variant called Black Maria which then became known as the standard Hearts game, and soon thereafter, the idea of "shooting the moon" was introduced to the game to add depth to the gameplay. Over time, additional penalty cards were added to Reversis, and around 1850, the game gave way to a simple variant of Hearts, where each Heart was worth 1 point. A similar game called "Four Jacks" centered around avoiding any trick containing a Jack, which were worth one penalty point, and the Jack of Spades worth two. In this game, a penalty point was awarded for trick won, plus additional points for capturing the Jack of Hearts or the Queen of Hearts. The game of Hearts as currently known originated with a family of related games called Reversis, which became popular around 1750 in Spain. The game is a member of the Whist family of trick-taking games (which also includes Bridge and Spades), but the game is unique among Whist variants in that it is an evasion-type game players avoid winning certain penalty cards in tricks, usually by avoiding winning tricks altogether. ![]() The game is also known as Black Lady, The Dirty, Dark Lady, Slippery Anne, Chase the Lady, Crubs, Black Queen and Black Maria, though any of these may refer to the similar but differently-scored game Black Lady. Hearts is an "evasion-type" trick-taking playing card game for four players, although variations can accommodate 3-6 players. Notes: Hearts, while not trump, award one penalty point each, hence the game's most common name. The Dirty, Black Lady, Dark Lady, Black Swear, Chase the Lady, Crubs, Rickety Kate, Queen of Spades (in Turkey), Black Queen (in India)ĥ2-card (51 or 54 for 3 or 6 players, 50 for 5) ![]() The Hearts penalty cards the object of Hearts is to avoid taking tricks containing any of these cards
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